Japan's problem is that work-life balance is bad. Work-life balance is translated as "harmony between work and life", it means that each citizen works while having a rewarding and fulfilling feeling, fulfills the responsibilities of work, and also in the family and community life, various living ways can be selected and realized according to each stage of life such as child rearing period, middle-aged and older years”. There are three reasons why work-life balance is bad. The first is long working hours, overtime and mental health problem such as depression and death from overwork that accompanies them. The second is that digestibility of paid vacation is bad. The third is that the environment for working with peace of mind is not in place.
The first is long working hours, overtime and mental health problem such as depression and death from overwork that accompanies them. The length of Japanese working hours is top class in the world and work-life balance is bad. The average working hours of Japanese workers is 1745 hours and companies with employees with overtime over 80 hours a month occupy a quarter of the total. Often overtime work is not paid, and 12% of companies have overtime workers over 100 hours a month. These numbers are important because overtime over 80 hours a month is line at the border where mortality rate rises. Although the number of death from overwork has remained unchanged for about the last ten years, the number of overworked suicide has increased to about ten times during the same period. Overwork suicide began to be recognized as workers' accident at last in the 1990s. There are around 30,000 suicide people in Japan every year, of which 2 thousand hundred people are caused by "work problems".
The second is that digestibility of paid vacation is bad. Digestibility of paid vacation of Japan is the lowest class in the world. Legal paid leave is 20 days a year, but workers who take little vacation now account for about 35% of the total. Furthermore, even if you take a paid leave, you only have 12 days out of 20 days a year, which is a statutory paid vacation. These causes are often in the company's environment and it is thought that paid leave is difficult to take due to the pressure from the surroundings. Actually, there are statistics that 18% of Japanese feel guilty about taking paid vacation.
The third is that the environment for working with peace of mind is not in place. Turnover rate for reasons such as marriage, childcare, parent care, etc. is the same retirement rate at retirement age, and the regular worker rate of women with children is rather small at 8%. Also, over the past 30 years, the proportion of non-regular workers has more than doubled, it is thought that the proportion of people who can not be economically self-sustaining is increasing as they can not get a stable job. In this way, it is a big problem that many people suffer from childcare, parents' care and work balance, and non-regular workers are economically uneasy, which is a major problem. In Japan, which is becoming an aging society, this problem especially emphasis has to be given.
Finally, in order to solve these three problems, I think that we need to do the following. First, the top of the company declares that "It is a good thing to go home early", "It is an excellent employee to return early", and move to implementation in a visible way. Small and medium-sized enterprises and venture companies frequently see the company's top management themselves going off in the workplace at fixed times, but even large companies can do similar things for the heads of each workplace. Although it is a plain behavior, it is important to keep a habit of returning to work members quickly by continuing for a certain period anyway. If it is difficult, I decide "no overtime day" and think that I can start from there. In short, it is a point that a person who becomes a leader shows by actions by himself, making an atmosphere that it is "evil" that he is working towards his desk with forever and forever. The same is true of the problem on the poor acquisition rate of paid vacation. Second, companies are to propose and accept various ways of working for workers. In addition to acknowledging the acquisition of childcare leave, in order to balance parent care and work, it is necessary for companies to provide facilities that support parent care for workers, review working hours. Alternatively, it is necessary to devise such that work can be carried out anywhere using electronic equipment such as a tablet PC or the like. In that way, workers can work in a workable environment, while the company can not only hire highly skilled human resources but also improve employee's satisfaction with the company and improve work productivity. In this way there are merits for both.
The first is long working hours, overtime and mental health problem such as depression and death from overwork that accompanies them. The length of Japanese working hours is top class in the world and work-life balance is bad. The average working hours of Japanese workers is 1745 hours and companies with employees with overtime over 80 hours a month occupy a quarter of the total. Often overtime work is not paid, and 12% of companies have overtime workers over 100 hours a month. These numbers are important because overtime over 80 hours a month is line at the border where mortality rate rises. Although the number of death from overwork has remained unchanged for about the last ten years, the number of overworked suicide has increased to about ten times during the same period. Overwork suicide began to be recognized as workers' accident at last in the 1990s. There are around 30,000 suicide people in Japan every year, of which 2 thousand hundred people are caused by "work problems".
The second is that digestibility of paid vacation is bad. Digestibility of paid vacation of Japan is the lowest class in the world. Legal paid leave is 20 days a year, but workers who take little vacation now account for about 35% of the total. Furthermore, even if you take a paid leave, you only have 12 days out of 20 days a year, which is a statutory paid vacation. These causes are often in the company's environment and it is thought that paid leave is difficult to take due to the pressure from the surroundings. Actually, there are statistics that 18% of Japanese feel guilty about taking paid vacation.
The third is that the environment for working with peace of mind is not in place. Turnover rate for reasons such as marriage, childcare, parent care, etc. is the same retirement rate at retirement age, and the regular worker rate of women with children is rather small at 8%. Also, over the past 30 years, the proportion of non-regular workers has more than doubled, it is thought that the proportion of people who can not be economically self-sustaining is increasing as they can not get a stable job. In this way, it is a big problem that many people suffer from childcare, parents' care and work balance, and non-regular workers are economically uneasy, which is a major problem. In Japan, which is becoming an aging society, this problem especially emphasis has to be given.
Finally, in order to solve these three problems, I think that we need to do the following. First, the top of the company declares that "It is a good thing to go home early", "It is an excellent employee to return early", and move to implementation in a visible way. Small and medium-sized enterprises and venture companies frequently see the company's top management themselves going off in the workplace at fixed times, but even large companies can do similar things for the heads of each workplace. Although it is a plain behavior, it is important to keep a habit of returning to work members quickly by continuing for a certain period anyway. If it is difficult, I decide "no overtime day" and think that I can start from there. In short, it is a point that a person who becomes a leader shows by actions by himself, making an atmosphere that it is "evil" that he is working towards his desk with forever and forever. The same is true of the problem on the poor acquisition rate of paid vacation. Second, companies are to propose and accept various ways of working for workers. In addition to acknowledging the acquisition of childcare leave, in order to balance parent care and work, it is necessary for companies to provide facilities that support parent care for workers, review working hours. Alternatively, it is necessary to devise such that work can be carried out anywhere using electronic equipment such as a tablet PC or the like. In that way, workers can work in a workable environment, while the company can not only hire highly skilled human resources but also improve employee's satisfaction with the company and improve work productivity. In this way there are merits for both.
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I read the opinion on this waiting child's problem and state two opposing opinions about what is mentioned as a remedy. The first is about remedial measures to increase the number of nursery school teachers. The second is a remedy for the shortage of nurseries due to an increase in working mothers.
The first is about remedial measures to increase the number of nursery school teachers. In her opinion, it is stated that one of the reasons that many children can not enter the nursery school is that the number of nursery school teachers is not enough. Also, as a cause of this, it is thought that it is due to severe heavy work despite low wages, long working hours, overtime work, and states that they should raise their wages and invest in nurseries as a remedy. However, I got a different opinion on this remedy. I think that raising wages is also important, but in addition to that, I think that it is necessary to reduce even the burden of each childcare professional as much as possible. First of all, it is necessary to reduce the number of children that one childcare professional must take care of and reduce the physical and mental burdens on nursery teachers. In addition to looking after a child, nursery teachers not only take care of children, but also have many other tasks than taking care, such as filling in a contact book, making accessories such as a games party and dancing choreographers. Therefore, I think that it is necessary not only for childcare workers to do such work, but also to divide the work by increasing the number of staff other than nursery teachers. Also, regarding the problem of land when building a nursery school, I think that the problems of noise such as children's voices that can be thought of by constructing in a residential area by having them together along with kindergartens and elementary schools will be improved.
The second is a remedy for the shortage of nurseries due to an increase in working mothers. Although she stated that reducing the burden on working mothers and eliminating the problem of shortage of daycare centers by disseminating a system that introduces nurseries in the company more widely, I gave a different opinion. It is said that it is now time for women to enter the society and the number of working women and mothers is increasing, but what percentage of those working really want to work? Certainly some women are working because they want to work, but I think that everything is not so. There are women who certainly want to work but I do not think so. For example, there are families that not only husbands but also mothers can not live a stable life unless they work. So I think that we need to create a society where more families can live a stable life even if the mother does not work.
The first is about remedial measures to increase the number of nursery school teachers. In her opinion, it is stated that one of the reasons that many children can not enter the nursery school is that the number of nursery school teachers is not enough. Also, as a cause of this, it is thought that it is due to severe heavy work despite low wages, long working hours, overtime work, and states that they should raise their wages and invest in nurseries as a remedy. However, I got a different opinion on this remedy. I think that raising wages is also important, but in addition to that, I think that it is necessary to reduce even the burden of each childcare professional as much as possible. First of all, it is necessary to reduce the number of children that one childcare professional must take care of and reduce the physical and mental burdens on nursery teachers. In addition to looking after a child, nursery teachers not only take care of children, but also have many other tasks than taking care, such as filling in a contact book, making accessories such as a games party and dancing choreographers. Therefore, I think that it is necessary not only for childcare workers to do such work, but also to divide the work by increasing the number of staff other than nursery teachers. Also, regarding the problem of land when building a nursery school, I think that the problems of noise such as children's voices that can be thought of by constructing in a residential area by having them together along with kindergartens and elementary schools will be improved.
The second is a remedy for the shortage of nurseries due to an increase in working mothers. Although she stated that reducing the burden on working mothers and eliminating the problem of shortage of daycare centers by disseminating a system that introduces nurseries in the company more widely, I gave a different opinion. It is said that it is now time for women to enter the society and the number of working women and mothers is increasing, but what percentage of those working really want to work? Certainly some women are working because they want to work, but I think that everything is not so. There are women who certainly want to work but I do not think so. For example, there are families that not only husbands but also mothers can not live a stable life unless they work. So I think that we need to create a society where more families can live a stable life even if the mother does not work.